[36] He was a strong critic of Chamberlain, arguing that his old rival Winston Churchill should become prime minister. Former Conservative Prime Minister Harold Macmillan ended his Prime Ministers Questions two days after Bevans death with a tribute to him, describing him as a great personality and a great national figure. 105 Facts About Aneurin Bevan | FactSnippet [102], In March 1955, when Britain was preparing for Operation Grapple, the testing of its first hydrogen bomb, Bevan led a revolt of 57 Labour MPs and abstained on a key vote. [72], Substantial bombing damage, with over 700,000 homes needing repair in London alone,[74] and the continued existence of pre-war slums in many parts of the country made the task of housing reform particularly challenging for Bevan. History Hit brings you the stories that shaped the world through our award winning podcast network and an online history channel. [96] In the opening page of the book, Bevan begins: "A young miner in a South Wales colliery, my concern was with the one practical question: Where does power lie in this particular state of Great Britain, and how can it be attained by the workers? He was a strong critic of the arming policy the British government adopted during the rise of Hitler. His new job arrived in time for him to head the local miners against the colliery companies during the General Strike. In 1957 he argued that sovereignty would be taken away from parliament if Britain was to join, much the same argument as Brexiteers make today. After a Labour landslide victory in 1945, Clement Attlee appointed Bevan Minister of Health, with a remit that also covered housing, given the severe post-war shortage. While this was not an insignificant achievement: the 850,000 homes built in the four years immediately after the war ended was the biggest housing programme ever introduced,[78] Bevan's rate of house-building was seen as less of an achievement than that of his Conservative (indirect) successor, Harold Macmillan, who was able to complete some 300,000 new homes a year as Minister for Housing in the 1950s. His father died by pneumoconiosis (a lung condition caused by long term inhalation of coal dust) but no compensation was paid to him, as it was not classed as an industrial disease under the Workman's Compensation Act. The pair went to work at Whitworth Colliery, but fell foul of management when Bevan refused to use cheaper second-hand timber as he deemed it unsafe. He wasn't cut out to be a leader, he was cut out to be a prophet". He developed a severe stammer as a child and, according to his younger sister Myfanwy, became "a lonely chap", due to the need to shy away from the attention it brought him.[5]. [54], He believed that the Second World War would give Britain the opportunity to create "a new society". In short Hitler is to rule Britain by proxy. The Gaitskellites typically won most of the battles inside Parliament, but Bevanism was stronger among local Labour activists. Aneurin's name is pronounced 'uh-ny-rin'. [93] In 1952 Bevan published In Place of Fear,[94] "the most widely read socialist book" of the period, according to a highly critical right-wing Labour MP Anthony Crosland. [22] Although described in The Times as "an outstanding back-bench critic" and "one of (Labour's) most brilliant members in debate", his appointment was regarded as a relative surprise, given his previous disciplinary issues. They would collect money weekly for any member who needed it. Aneurin 'Nye' Bevan (1897-1960) is widely regarded as one of the most influential left-wing politicians in British history. Bevan was also limited due to his desire for new homes to be bigger and of better quality than the ones they were being built to replace, based on the recommendations of a 1943 report by the Dudley Committee, and a shortage of skilled workers to undertake the work. [104] The Parliamentary Labour Party voted 141 to 113 to withdraw the whip from him, but it was restored within a month, due to his popularity. [9] The miners remained on strike for six months. [12], During the Second World War he was one of the main leaders of the left in the Commons, opposing the wartime Coalition government. Student Activities. He was later fired for refusing to unload, and successfully challenged the motion but was moved to Pochin, generally considered a punishment due to the poor site conditions. Aneurin Bevan and the setting up of the NHS The National Health Service. Aneurin Bevan | Biography & Facts | Britannica In Parliament, Bevan argued that this was the logical outcome of the government's foreign policy. After his resignation, Bevan served as Shadow Foreign Secretary from 1955 to 1959. They collected monies among themselves was what they did to support a member who needed it each week. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. [112] Speaking at the 1957 Labour Party conference, he decried unilateral nuclear disarmament, saying "It would send a British Foreign Secretary naked into the conference-chamber". The Tredegar Query Club by friends including Aneurin Bevan and Walter Conway. Bevan was actually against British membership of the Common Market. As minister of health in Attlee's postwar government from 1945-51, he spearheaded the creation of the National Health Service in 1948. His work in the mines paid off as he gained sponsorship from the South Wales Miners Federation to study at Central Labour College in 1919. Rediscovering Richard III with Matt Lewis, Rome and the Amalfi Coast with Tristan Hughes, Conservative Prime Minister Harold Macmillan, How Rome Became the Sole Superpower in the Mediterranean, Charles Martel: A Heroic Leader of Medieval Europe. Aneurin Bevan was one of the most important ministers of the post-war Labour government and the chief architect of the National Health Service. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 in Tredegar in Wales. In his biography of Bevan, John Campbell wrote, "Bevan's impetuous temperament, undiplomatic tone and reputation as an extreme left-winger combined to make the Foreign Office seem the last place a prudent Prime Minister would think of putting him at any time. [62] This system proved so popular that 20,000 people supported the organisation during the 1930s. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Why this is so it is not difficult to understand, if you view everything from the angle of a strictly individualistic competitive society. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. ", "The NHS: even more cherished than the monarchy and the army", "Aneurin Bevan / 100 Welsh Heroes / 100 Arwyr Cymru", "Hospital named after Aneurin Bevan opens in Ebbw Vale", contributions in Parliament by Aneurin Bevan, Aneurin Bevan and the foundation of the NHS: Socialist Health Association website. The same year, Labour were defeated in the General Election. In February 1925, his father died of pneumoconiosis, an illness caused by the inhalation of coal dust. However, the. [52] An administrative committee voted 71 to 60 in favour of retaining Bevan as an MP,[53] although it was announced that party discipline was to be strengthened in future. In 1925, Bevans father died of pneumoconiosis, a lung condition caused by long term inhalation of coal dust, but no compensation was paid. Reciting long passages by William Morris with the help of an elocution tutor, Bevan gradually began to overcome the stammer that he had since childhood. Like many other students of Bevans class, his formal education ended when he was 14 years of age when he began to work in the mines. Indeed, these factors, exacerbated by post-war restrictions on the availability of building materials and skilled labour, collectively served to limit Bevan's achievements in this area. Find out more about how the BBC is covering the. In 1959, he was elected Deputy Leader of the Labour Party and held the post for a year until his death from stomach cancer at the age of 62. In the speeches section, we will be building an archive of Bevans greatest oratory including archive recordings. The National Health Service was launched in 1948, and Bevan is quoted as saying, No society can legitimately call itself civilised if a sick person is denied medical aid because of a lack of means. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. "[56], The 1945 general election resulted in a landslide victory for the Labour Party, giving it a large enough majority to allow the implementation of the party's manifesto commitments and to introduce a programme of far-reaching social reforms, that were collectively dubbed the "Welfare State". Aneurin Bevan - Wikipedia He was born in Tredegar, Wales, on 15th November 1897. There he earned around ten shillings per week with most going to his parents to help support the family. Bevan was not good academically and was at a time repeated for a year in school. Aneurin Nye Bevan (1897-1960) is widely regarded as one of the most influential left-wing politicians in British history. [129], A bronze statue was commissioned by South Glamorgan County Council and erected in 1987 in the city centre of Cardiff. Bevan first worked as a miner during his teens where he became involved in local miner's union politics. KidzSearch Safe Wikipedia for Kids. Photo by Geoff Charles Wikimedia Commons. This made him join the Independent Labour Party. Get out! During the 1926 General Strike, Bevan emerged as one of the leaders of the South Wales miners. [61], The free National Health Service was paid for directly through public money. In 1928, Bevan won a seat on Monmouthshire County Council and was elected as the MP for Ebbw Vale the following year. Bevan led the left wing of the Labour Party, known as the 'Bevanites', for the next five years. Bevan was a supporter of the Liberal Party as a child, but later converted to socialism and joined the Independent Labour Party. One of ten children (though four died in infancy and one at eight years old), Bevans father was a coal miner and Baptist, while his mother a seamstress and follower of Methodism. Aneurin "Nye" Bevan was a Welsh politician born on November 15, 1897. Did the Wars of the Roses End at the Battle of Tewkesbury? - Aneurin Bevan, The Lancet, 1948. Aneurin Bevan, byname Nye Bevan, (born November 15, 1897, Tredegar, Monmouthshire [now in Blaenau Gwent], Walesdied July 6, 1960, Chesham, Buckinghamshire), controversial figure in post-World War II British politics and one of the finest orators of the time. [130] The Nye Bevan Estate in Clapton Park, Hackney, London, was named after Bevan, and was opened in October 1962 by his friend and biographer Michael Foot. Bevan ended up in a fist fight with a group of miners who refused to strike over his rejection. When Labour supported the government's scheme with no such conditions, Bevan denounced Labour for imploring the people on recruiting platforms to put themselves under the leadership of their opponents. [110] He was a vocal critic of the Conservative government's actions in the Suez Crisis, noticeably delivering high-profile speeches at a protest rally in Trafalgar Square on 4 November 1956, and criticising the government's actions and arguments in the Commons on 5 December 1956. [60] Bevan tested this newfound solidarity early on by arriving to a royal banquet at St James's Palace wearing a navy lounge suit. Bevan appeared in court but was cleared when he produced confirmation that he suffered from nystagmus. His appointment came with great displeasure from political opponents and members of his party. Photo by Spudgun67 Wikimedia Commons. His autobiography, In Place of Fear, appeared in 1952, Aneurin Bevan. . Photo by Jeremy Segrott from Cardiff, Wales, UK Wikimedia Commons. Soon, thereafter became an activist and initially, a supporter of syndicalism. However, Attlee commented that Bevan was "starting with me with a clean sheet" following his appointment. In 1987, a bronze statue of Bevan was erected in the city centre of Cardiff, while the Aneurin Bevan Memorial Stones were erected at the beginning of the Sirhowy Valley Walk with three smaller stones (representing three towns of his constituency Ebbw Vale, Rhymney and Tredegar) surrounding a larger stone, which represents Bevan. [111], Bevan dismayed many of his supporters when he suddenly reversed his opposition to nuclear weapons. Bevan died from stomach cancer in 1960 at the age of 62. You can also find out more about the Bevan Society, our activities and programme of lectures. Top 15 Things to do Around the Eiffel Tower, 10 Things to Do in Paris on Christmas Day (2022), 10 Things to Do in Luxembourg Gardens in Paris. On 5 July 1948, the government took over responsibility for all medical services and there was free diagnosis and treatment for all. They have offended against every principle of decency and there is only one way in which they can even begin to restore their tarnished reputation and that is to get out! Number 10, The Circle, was home to the Tredegar Medical Aid Society, which was used as a blueprint by Aneurin Bevan when he set up the National Health Service for the UK in 1948. Aneurin Bevan | Encyclopedia.com [7], Bevan became a well-known local orator and was seen by his employers, the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company, as a troublemaker. We are going to Tredegar-ise you. Bevan was not good academically and was at a time repeated for a year in school. [21] His targets included the Conservative Winston Churchill and the Liberal David Lloyd George, as well as Ramsay MacDonald and Margaret Bondfield from his own Labour party (he targeted the latter for her unwillingness to increase unemployment benefits). His influence waned after his departure, although a left-wing group (not under his control) within the party became known as "Bevanites". We will send you the latest TV programmes, podcast episodes and articles, as well as exclusive offers from our shop and carefully selected partners. He was Chief of Staff in Spain, he won the Battle of the Ebro, and he is a sergeant. Aneurin "Nye" Bevan PC (/narn bvn/; Welsh:[an.rn]; 15 November 1897 6 July 1960) was a Welsh Labour Party politician, noted for tenure as Minister of Health in Clement Attlee's government in which he spearheaded the creation of the British National Health Service. Are we prepared to accept for ourselves the logic we are applying to Egypt?
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