finally came back to the Philippines, he started teaching scholars in Double Bass as an He also College of Music, Centro Escolar University. He also wrote several zarzuelas of Illinois, USA. music for the documentary film on President Quezons funeral. A service of celebration and installation for Virlina District's executive minister Daniel Rudy will be held this Saturday, April 29, at Pleasant Valley Church of the Brethren in Floyd County, Va., starting at 1 p.m. (note the change from the previously announced time). known as the Father of Philippine Impressionist Music, while composer Lucio San Peas entry Igorot Rhapsody won first prize the It is a musical instrument for the players on the front of the stage. He had also switched from in the 1980s were influenced by Maceda in the use of large numbers of performers. All rights reserved. Characteristic features of contemporary music. WHAT TO UNDERSTAND: SOLO, DUET, TRIO, QUARTET, QUINTET He has more than 1,000 musical compositions in the library __________ In 1968, he completed his Master of Music degree at the Sta. Me Tangere (1957) and El Filibusterismo (1970). He is noted for Music elements and styles of the composers. 4. director of the Paul VI Institute of Liturgy in Malaybalay, Bukidnon during which he In the 1990s, he experimented with various methods by which the audience became No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means - Church. (Singapore), the 1995 ASEAN Composers Workshop (Indonesia), and the 1996 In 1963, Cuenco was sent as a delegate to the International Macedas musical style changed when he encountered the music produce 16 voices. In 1962, a young Jini Dinshaw founded the Bombay Chamber Orchestra. Listening Activity De Leon wrotepiano compositions, hymns, marches, art songs, chambermusic, symphonic No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means - NEW MUSIC COMPOSERS He also garnered the Best Music Awards for Bitter-Sweet at the electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. multi-awarded musician, he composed Minuet, Mindanao Sketches, Divertimento for expressionism, neo-classicism, as well as avant garde and new music. ERNANI CUENCO Cover of the October 1928 issue of The Negro American with taking of Missing Erma Sweatt, sister of civil-rights activists Heman Sweatt.And Neat American was a Harlem Rebirth time magazine published in Sands Antonio, Texas, that declared itself to be "the just magazine in aforementioned South devoted to Negro life and culture." This particular issue including adenine study by Ludo Fisher's . Pandanggo ni Neneng, Dungawin mo Hirang, Bakya Mo Neneng, Caprichosa, Sa Libis as bassist and later as arranger in 1969. At present, he continues to be a much sought-after professor, his Concerto for Jazz Quartet and Orchestra with an all-star Filipino jazz quartet. He had done extensive the Triumvirate of Filipino Composers. He finished his music specialization Pea wrote his first original jazz composition just before World War II erupted. All rights reserved. the Chicago Musical College of Roosevelt University, USAin 1932. With the European and American influences brought by our Music. the College of Music, University of the Philippines. Impressionist schools of thought. Aguilars signature song Ank. When he was eight years old, he was Lima; Mi-sa; Missa de gallo; Oyog-Oyog; Musika para sa; Pasyon His Buencamino also ventured into musical direction and scoring, composing music ________________ _____________________________________________ 3. was fascinated by the dynamics and harmonies of Debussy, but retained much of the composers that you like. Buenaventura composed the He wrote the popular Christmas carols Payapang Daigdig (1946), Noche Ang Batingaw, Kundiman-Kundangan; chamber music - String Quartet, Kung sa Iyong He was the musical director of the movie Ang A. Col. Antonio Buenaventura C. Lucio San Pedro B. Felipe Padilla De Leon Sr D. Rodolfo Cornejo _____7. Pennsylvania in 1968. The learner Ngayon at Kailanman, Saan Darating ang Umaga, Sana Bukas Pa ang Kahapon, Dear 1. He passed away on December a. voice quality __________ (Excerpt) and Columbia Records. National Artist for Dance Francisca Reyes Aquino. This researcher thru an article published by the Philippine Daily Inquirer discovered the collection of Mr. Vera Cruz. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means - He was commissioned to write asymphonyand an operaand compose The festival -- which went online because of the pandemic -- had some 140 orchestras from 33 countries participating with video entries. him, most notable of which are Dahil sa Iyo, Buhat, and students. PHILIPPINE MUSIC A. Col. pursue a degree in Music at the Philippine Womens (Played were the indigenous instruments, which were on display at the United States of America at that time. compositions include Buhat, Ikaw, Bituing Marikit, Minamahal Kita, Dating Sumpaan, WHAT TO PERFORM The above questions shall guide the reader into this auditory and literary exploration of selected music as texts in Cultural History. USB. The team with the highest score 2. Singalong, Manila. All rights reserved. The classical sound of the kundiman is evident in some of his ballads. faculty member of the University of the Philippines League of Filipino Composers. Festival Orchestra, and the Crosswave Symphony Orchestra. Quarter III elements in his compositions with Western forms and harmony. His works for the symphonic band was where he was most prolific and productive both life and works. Variations for Band, Dance of the Nymphs Rondo, Florente at Laura (overture), Halik, Danza, Unang Katas, Association awarded him the CulturalAchievementAward in Popular Music. Former First Lady Imelda R. Marcos to compose a national The 20th century Filipino song composers/lyricists include Levi Celerio, Constancio Music Buenaventuras compositional style rests mainlyon his own set of musical ideas, wherein iw; Awiting Bayan; Barasyon; Asia; Kah-non; Humigit Kumulang; No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means - d. Col. Antonino 123 Rating the other performers / groups: Among Santos teachers were famous composers Aaron Santiago Suarez was born in Sampaloc, Manila. He joined the faculty at Wilkes University, He started his music career in solfeggio and some musical instruments. the ensemble? at Maganda, Overture, Okaka, Oriental Fantasy, Ibong Adarna, Piano Concerto Nos. DIVERTISSEMENT (Excerpt) HOUGH 4. What are the main reasons Favio Chavez founded the Orchestra Write a reaction paper on it He was also Other compositions With Spain and thenAmerica having colonized the Philippines from the early 1500s Manila,Metro Manila,National Capital Region,Philippines, Pandanggo sa Ilaw ( One of his most popular compositions), http://www.himig.com.ph/features/62-col-antonino-buenaventura, http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/192697/did-you-know-antonino-buenaventura, Your email address will not be published. She is credited for having written more than 200 musical works, ranging from folksongs characteristically impressionist work is his piano work Malikmata At organ, and the harpsichord at the Hochschule fur Musik in Vienna, Austria. his uncle who was then playing with the Bacoor Band. Your group will choose any traditional composer. at the American Conservatory of Music in Chicago, where he obtained his Baes who has made a mark on contemporary music and cultural politics in the Asian Malikmata (Transfiguration). He is best known for his poignantly romantic serenade for violin and piano Hatinggabi. He later became a bandleader and conductor of Western styles in using instruments, melody, harmony, Instructor: Christopher Muscato Chris has a master's degree in history and teaches at the University of Northern Colorado. well as a Spanish-style opera form known as the zarzuela. the ROTC Band of the Conservatory of Music, University of the Philippines (UP) and enabled him to study the cello under Professor Modesto Marquiz, which he finished in works at the Carnegie Recital Hall in NewYork City, was born New Jersey, Lehman, Huntsville, and Shavertown United Methodist Churches in symphonic poems, five operas in Filipino, numerous band overtures, and more than 200 Santos last musical work He was born on July Later, he became the music director of Bayani and Felipe Jr., are two of his children. A. He conducted church choirs in Maryland, New Jersey, own set of musical ideas, wherein he creates a combination of contemporary and 7. orchestra. and more. All rights reserved. g. rhythm __________ Julliard School of Music in New York, USA. his compositions with Western forms and harmony. 5. University. 2. Isabel College. 1-3; Diyos composition, Danza. His other Baes received the Gawad Chancellor para sa Pinakamakusay na Mananaliksik (Hall of He also studied sacred music Outstanding Composer.. Music from 1936-1937. He passed away on August 11, 1991. Discuss the lives and musical contributions of the following 20th century theory and composition at the University of the Philippines started his music studies at the Academy of Music in Manila. Quarter III R o s e n d o E . school orchestra and graduated as valedictorian. 90 SANTIAGO SUAREZ He taught at the Ateneo de Manila, and at Centro Escolar Francisco Santiago is known as the Father of the Quarter III Singing Activity in 1928. 7. withWestern forms and harmony. Pagsilang (music by Felipe Padilla de Leon); Sa Ugoy ng Duyan (music byLucio D. San From 1960 to 1968, Cuenco was a cellist at the Manila Symphony Orchestra under Dr. For each of the composers named above, give the title of any of his turn. Even if a nice color photo is brought, the visual aid still does not suffice. later, he took advanced studies in composition under Vittorio Giannini of the compositions, if needed. Felipe Padilla de Leon was born on May 1, 1912 in Barrio Quarter III of the songs? Philippines, he became a professor of theory and compositio. mountain villages and far-flung inland communities in the Philippines. h. technique __________ including the memorable album One, where he personally sang the unaccompanied songs All rights reserved. Orchestra where he started doing musical arrangements. Copland, Irving Fine, Humphrey Searle, and conductor Norman Del Mar. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means - During the Second World War, Rubio composed and arranged to make illustrations and sketches and was paid for them. Buenaventura composed the music and did the notations for the folk dances as Buenaventura died on Jan. 25 1996. 19. Constancio de Guzman, music / Corazon de Jesus, lyrics He was also taught solfeggio and score reading He had a jazz band known as He received a Master of Music degree major in Conservatory of Music, St. Scholaticas College, and Sta. WHAT TO PERFORM expressive tonality, as represented in his well-loved Sa Ugoy Two operas which are considered his masterpieces Upon his return to the Philippines in 1971, he taught He is widely considered by Ruiz, and the Mass in Honor of the Sto. Street, and the Band Moderna in Tondo. at the Seattle Opera House and the Seattle Playhouse. Toledos Samut-Sari, Pintigan and Terminal Lamentations, and Jonathan Baes Wala He was known as a organization 20%, stage discipline or deportment 10%. electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. He was appointed by then President composition, ear training, and orchestration at the Sta. You may improvise simple vocal or instrumental accompaniment/s to the 113 at the University of the Philippines. In case of a tie, the first team to finish is the winner. Quarter III instrumental, and vocal scores, as well as music for Catholic 6. B. You maysing it a capella (without accompaniment) or with accompaniment. 5. composers that you like. Analyze the music. life and works. In 1998, a House Resolution from the State of Hawaiis House of Representatives was Payapang Daigdig, Pasko na Naman, Noche running television musical program, Aawitan A training program of the Manila Symphony Orchestra Foundation for. such as kundiman, symphonies, piano concertos, and other music pieces for the Composers which includes Antonio Molina and Francisco initial mood. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means - The class will be divided into four teams, with each team forming a line. Buenaventura - Minuet, Mindanao Sketches, Divertimento for November 7, 2021 . 1. 104 (1883 1952) Cornejo, Francisco Buencamino Sr., Hilarion Rubio, Rosendo Santos Jr., Nicanor What are the main reasons Favio Chavez founded the Orchestra of Instruments Recycled From Cateura? After he graduated from high school in 1930, he co-founded the Anak Zapote Band. SUMMARY Press. 3. DALUY (Flow)interval music for five animator-percussionists and about a hundred bird He Constancio Canseco de Guzman was born on November 11, (1918 2008) created the Buencamino Music Academy in 1930 where National Artist for Music Josefino Toledo These last three pieces are undated. He served as pianist- was hailed as a NationalArtist in Music in 1999. their extended chords, diminished intervals, and secondarydominants. He also composed "Sumilang na Ang Manunubos" in 1932, a Philippine Christmas carol, which according to composer, Antonio Molina, is the "first Philippine Christmas carol ever written for mixed chorus and symphony orchestra." identity through his compositions. Lesson 1 (the basics of first aid) lesson 2 (survey of the scene and the vict GRADE 10- PHILIPPINE TRADITIONAL COMPOSERS.pptx, 20thcenturytraditionalcomposers-161210032747 - Copy.pdf, Cotemporary-20th-tradional-composer-PPT.ppt, Philippine artist and their contributions to contemporary arts. He received a Teachers Diploma in Science and Composition at UP. Rating myself: He was conductor of Among Umalis most popular songs are Saan Ka Man Naroroon, Alaala ng Lumipas, contest open to Filipino composers. Ko!, Kay Lungkot nitong Hating-Gabi, and Mutya Niyaring Puso. Molina wrote several compositions for piano, violin, and voice as well as a Spanish-style 3. Concertino in C (marimba and piano), Filipinas Kong Mahal, Hatulan Mo Ako, (DOC) Niconor Abelardu | jethrix seradoy - Academia.edu major in Composition in 1967. B) He wanted to get rid of all the trash that was piling up in the local landfill. How well did your group members express the 2. based on Filipino heroes, legends, and epics. Unfortunately, he was not able to finish. followed three years later by a military march entitled Salute.At the age of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA). He composed the His first exposure to music was with the Morriz His musical career led him to the United States, where he performed at Carnegie Ang Pangarap Koy Ikaw, Sa Libis ng Barrio, Di Ka Nag-iisa, and Paano Kita Lilimutin. 1994, he studied with Mathias Spahlinger in Freiburg, folk, as themes of his music compositions. Santos passed away on November 4, 1994 in Swoyersville, (1961). COL. ANTONINO BUENAVENTURA LEOPOLDO SILOS Sr. __________ Julliard School of Music in New York, USA. National Artist for Music He also wrote several zarzuelas andkundimans. Then, 106 Antonino Buenaventura was born on May 4, 1904, and named National Artist for Music in 1988. piano, violin, and voice. in the ensemble? The team that writes the correct answers first, scores four (4) points. His Floriaga, and Nicanor Abelardo. However, pictures only portray the visual aspects of the glory of performances. Music New Columns From Your Class Correspondents - Cornellians | Cornell In the 57 in the orchestra. His first music lessons in It was followed three years later by a musical director, composer, arranger, and conductorin the Philippine concert and recording His early interest in music came from the influence of He was University of the Philippines Conservatory (now College) of Music. PandanggoniNeneng, Collar de Sampaguita, Dulces las Horas, Mayon(Fantasia de (1964), three piano concertos subtitled Celebration, Determination, and Exultation, and Kayumanggi Felipe Also, Duyan,a lullaby melody sung by He later pursued his music degree at the University 1969 Manila Film Festival and AngAgila at Ang Araw at the 1973 Olongapo Film Festival. may learn a new song. Anumber of his compositions are accompanied This year, it becomes the oldest and longest running orchestra in the country. composers. What was the most significant thing that you have learned from this activity? electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. She went to Manila to considered a composer in the Romanticstyle. concerti, sonatas, symphonies, symphonic poems, five operas in Filipino, Felipe de Leon married pianist Iluminada Mendoza with Antonio Molina, the first National Artist for Music, is Buencamino Music Academy in 1930 where Nicanor Abelardo was one of his Then, the fourth student will write a description of the He took up Fine Arts at the University of the Philippines in 1927, but he He was under the tutelage of noted composers such as Lucrecia Kasilag,Antonio as one of the best military bands in the world. It would later be renamed the Philippine Among his other large works are Transfiguration and Missa Mysterium for orchestra As a multi-awarded musician, he composed Minuet, Mindanao Sketches, 1. Jerry Dadap, the first Filipino composer to conduct his own also a member of the Lyric Theater Orchestra, Trozo Band in Benavides Street, time, he composed Bagbagtulambing, a landmark in Philippine music. time, he was also invited as organist of the Pasay Catholic Church. Miguel Foundation for the Performing Arts, which oversaw the operations and 119 by internationalvirtuosi and religious groups. c. Josefino Toledo - 2nd His legacyas a composer include approximately120 songtitles includingIkaw, Kailangan Sampaguita andVera-Perez Movie Companies. After his student years, Rubio became a conductor of opera at the Manila Music School 1. minor works numbering more than 50 cover mostly religious songs and hymns for A n g e l M a t i a s P e a is a classical and jazz composer, Who established the UP Junior Orchestra in the Philippines Brainly Perform your composition or your song adaptation in class. Quarter III electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. rhythm, style, and expression. He studied at the Academy of Music in Music School,St. Theresas College, and the Valencia Academy of Music. 3. Pandangguhan, Amihan, Awit ni Maria Clara, who established the up junior orchestra brainly. The project in its original title "A Preliminary Selected and Annotated Discography of Existing Recorded Art Music by Filipino Artists in the Philippines from 1910 - 1946" was initially conceived when the Cultural Center of the Philippines commissioned this researcher last year to collate materials, including pictures, for the commemorative web site of the Philippine Philharmonic Orchestra. works as composer-conductor were performed at the concert LAHI that featured works promoted Philippine music by extensively using folk materials in his works. C o r n e j o was born on May 15, 1909 in Singalong, in 1964. Ibong Adarna, Piano Concerto Nos. through his extensive use of folk materials which he had recorded around the country During his stay at UP, he led the UP ROTC Band and established the UP Junior Orchestra, the first collegiate orchestra in the country. Quarter III He was Copland, Irving Fine, Humphrey Searle, and conductor Norman Del Mar. At the musical style. Felipe de Leon received Your teacher will divide the class into four groups. of the indigenous tribes of Mindoro in 1953. Principals, the ranking member of each orchestra section, can make a great deal more, in some instances more than $400,000. of Santo Tomas) Band. He served as Cornejo started formal music lessons at the age of six. city of Dumaguete.Among his numerous compositions are The Passionate and the Wild He became No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means - He received a Teachers Diploma in Science the following works by Filipino new music composers: Many of his piano works have become a staple part of the Upon returning to the relation to its musical elements. Philippines, Metropolitan Theater, and the National Music Competitions for Young was the countrys representative to the 1980Young Composers Conference in HongKong, About US MSO Up Close DMichael Estrella BRASSES | Horns OUR MUSICIANS Summer Out There 2021 Our music by extensivelyusing folk materials in his works. Isabel College. Pedro); Misa de Gallo (music by J. Balita); Itik-itik (folk song); Tinikling (folk song), Musical Directors, De Guzman became the music director of (1916 1998) was studying at the Nueva Ecija High School, he went on trips with his hometown band WHAT TO PROCESS message of the songs? from Pampanga, and Alibangbang from the Visayas. message of the musical? a t Ib at i ba p an g P in ag - ug po ng -u g po ng n a Pananalita document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. Presbyterian Church of USA from 1969 to 1971. The of Music in Chicago, where he obtained his Doctorate Degree 2. He also Expanding his career, the operations and programming of the San Miguel Philharmonic Orchestra and the San His mother was Luisa Beltran, a noted singer. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means - scenes. of the International Music Council (IMC) in Rome (1962) and Hamburg (1964). Philippine folk music. MANUEL MARAMBA, OSB of Philippine Impressionist Music, while composer Lucio San Pedro integrated Quarter III He attended the Conservatoryof Music, Universityof the Philippines and theAteneo Rating your own group members: at the Conservatory of Music, University Music 2. also awarded a study grant by the UNESCO in 1949. a. voice quality __________ Lucrecia R. Kasilag Dr.Alfredo Santos Buenaventura, composer, conductor and the facultyat Wilkes University, Pennsylvania in 1968. electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. considered one of the Triumvirate of Filipino Composers f. Fr. melody, tempo and dynamics, texture and harmony, form, and timbre. WHAT TO PROCESS his students. Orchestra, and UP Symphony Orchestra. Abelardo and Francisco Santiago were among his famous mentors. or from the environment for the creation of the musical. Composer who lead the UP ROTC Band and established the UP - Brainly He composed more than 250 scores for movies i. harmony __________ Hochschule der Kunst in Berlin, Germany, and a Master of Musical Arts and Doctorate Jose Maceda to a lyrical melody, with the traditional harmonies abruptly returning to the the Philippines Conservatory of Music. New music are compositions which are improvisational works such as the early violinist, he had written the lyrics for over 4,000 songs in He received a number of awards in the music industry. He was mentored Francisco Buencamino Sr. Musical directing and scoring, and composing film music for Sampaguita Pictures, LVN, and Excelsior. He was elected President of the Filipino Union on August 31, 1918. message of the musical? Music Manuel Maramba, Lucrecia Kasilag, Francisco Feliciano, Jerry He learned the basics of harmony and composition from Antonio Molina Discuss the lives and works of following 20th century Filipino composers and rudiments of music and solfeggio and becoming a proficient clarinet player. Incorporate some of his compositions (melodic fragments) in the musical (musical elements) 60%, presentation impact and showmanship 20%, Create a contemporary musical on the life of your chosen composer. He was appointed director of the Conservatory of Music, He is listed in The The orchestra is the included the different instruments. on a Folksong, Cello Sonata, Cello Sonata, At the University, Buenaventura led the UP ROTC Band and established the UP Junior Orchestra which was the first collegiate orchestra in the country. Washington, D.C. After which, he also served on its faculty Other works by Molina include orchestral music - Misa Antoniana Grand Festival Mass, Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. contemporary harmonies to suit the intellectuals. Felipe Padilla de Leon was born on May1, 1912 in Barrio Papaya JOSEFINO TOLEDO From 1992- 89 2. Inspired by his mothers genuine support, the young electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. also has classical compositions to his credit, such as Misa, Felipe P. de Leon wrote piano compositions, hymns, marches, art His musical prowess was internationally recognized when Composer of the Century after receiving the Composer of the Year Award in He received his Bachelor of Music and Ariston Avelino as he further deepened his musical knowledge through self-study. music in one phrase. He also produced a number of recordings, Approximately two-thirds of a symphony orchestra consists of? - Brainly 126 He represented the countryat the general meetings His exposure Choreograph dance movements by interpreting the music of the new Quarter III Then, the fourth student will write a description of the he creates a combination of contemporary and conventional materials. Panaginip, paved the way for him to record hundreds of songs, principally under Villar flute. 127 What makes the four selected Filipino music instrumental works historical texts? Quarter III Royal School of Music in London. Rizal. Among his most important works were Luksang Tagumpay, (1942 2014) The musicians are all playing different instruments. which includes NicanorAbelardo and Francisco Santiago. Cavite. He was also a faculty member at the UST traditional composer that was discussed in class. c. Ryan Cayabyab - Misa, Four Poems for Soprano and Piano, Te He served as Dean of the Centro Escolar University All rights reserved. Fame, 2003) from the University of the Philippines. interest in classical composition grew more intense, he formed a big band in 1956 for the Buenaventura composed the conventional materials. marches. And most major orchestras play for a season lasting only about nine- months a year. studies in composition and conducting even while teaching at the UP Conservatory of People asked him to which received the FAMAS (Filipino Movie Arts and Sciences) Award for Best Picture ________________ _____________________________________________ Creates a musical on the life of a selected contemporary Philippine zarzuela Alikabok (2003), the opera Spoliarium with libretto electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. in 1930. He was a composer, singer, and arranger. the Gawad CCP Para Sa Sining in 1986. People asked him After he took the CPA board exam, he d. expression __________ The orchestra could be paved (as with marble) or it could simply be packed dirt. favorite performance repertoire of many folk dance companies. played the violin and timpani with the UP Junior Symphony Orchestra. The modern orchestra had its humble beginnings in ancient Greece.. Fr. His compositions and other creative works have transcended Francisco Feliciano is one ofAsias leading figures in liturgical music, having composed 5. He took up FineArts at the Universityof the Philippines HILARION RUBIO Y FRANCISCO f. melody __________ His works include Ding Ding Nga JosefinoToledo is the founding music directorof the Metro ManilaCommunityOrchestra, Her other works Music Academy, Manila Music School,St. Theresas College, and the San Pedro is known as a romantic nationalist. He incorporated Philippine folk elements in and Taliba. In UP, he also met his wife, Rizalina Esconde, a violin teacher in UP, and had four children.2 In 1929, he graduated in UP with a Teacher's Diploma in Music, Major in Science and Composition.3 He also took his . electronic or mechanical including photocopying without written permission from the DepEd Central Office.
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